什么是头颈癌的症状是什么？
Head and neck cancer is the name used to refer to a group of cancers that occur in the mouth, the throat, the voice box, the paranasal sinuses, inside the nasal cavity, or in the salivary glands. These cancers make up about4％的all cancers in the United States, according to the National Cancer Institute, and theyare on the rise in younger men. The following are some of the most common signs and symptoms of these cancers.
Swelling or a Sore That Does Not Heal
Do you have swelling or a sore that won’t heal in a part of your head or neck? This is themost common symptom的头和颈癌，根据临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）的美国社会。但要记住：这种症状，和其他潜在症状，可能表明比头部和颈部癌症以及其他条件。
肿块在脖子上
通常，第一个迹象的人这些癌症的通知是一个肿块，肿块，或可能不会引起任何疼痛，根据ASCO的颈部有肿块。这些类型的肿块可能表明癌症已经扩散到在你的脖子上的淋巴结。如果肿块没有消失within two weeks,现在是时候看看你的卫生保健提供者，以排除癌变的可能。他们可能需要做活检或CT扫描。
红斑或白斑，在你的嘴
Red or white patches in your mouth could be a sign of oral cancer, according to ASCO. These areasmay not be painfulat first, and they can show up anywhere in your mouth — including the roof and floor of your mouth or in the gum tissue, according to the American Dental Association. Because these patches can be hard to spot on your own, it’s important to see your dentist for regular checkups; dentists are trained to spot patches and other changes in the mouth that could indicate cancer.
在方面的变化频繁烟草联系
If you are a smoker or use chewing tobacco, you are at an increased risk for head and neck cancer. Often, head and neck cancer beginsin the area where these substances have the most frequent contact,根据美国耳鼻喉学会 - 头颈外科（AAO-HNS）。如果你发现一个新的疼痛或在你通常握在你的嘴里嚼烟，或者在你的嘴唇凡香烟经常坐的地方颜色变化，看医生的时候了。
Pain or difficulty chewing or swallowing
If you’re having trouble chewing or swallowing, it may be a sign of throat cancer, according to the AAO-HNS. For example, you may find that foods feel like they get stuck at a certain point. If this problem doesn’t go away, make sure to see your doctor. They can determine the cause of the problem through an x-ray called a barium swallow x-ray or by using a scope (esophagoscopy).
A Change in Your Voice
Is your voice hoarse? Maybe it just sounds different than normal? These could be signs of cancer of the voice box, according to the AAO-HNS. Fortunately, there are many other causes of voice changes that are not cancer. But if these changes don’t go away after two weeks, it’s time to check in with a doctor to make sure your voice box is healthy.
Bleeding in Your Mouth
在你的嘴疼痛或肿胀面积出血，应引起关注。另外，在口，鼻或咽喉肿瘤可能会导致血液中的唾液或痰显示，根据AAO-HNS。出血这样可以表明癌症是沿着进一步。看到你的医生或牙医的时候了;他们可以帮助你找出你是否需要有采取来评价它为癌症区域的组织样本。
A Persistent Earache or Sore Throat
Do you have an achy ear or raw throat that just doesn’t seem to go away? These may be signs of throat cancer, especially if you also have other symptoms, like a change in your voice, lump in your neck, or problems swallowing, according to the AAO-HNS. While an earache or sore throat also could just be signs of less serious infections, it's best to have these issues evaluated, especially if they are persistent.
Sometimes, There are No Signs
In some cases, according to ASCO, people with head and neck cancer don’t have any of these symptoms. Unfortunately, some cases of head and neck cancer go undetected until they have already spread. That’s why it’s important to see your doctor regularly for checkups. A health care provider may be able to catch things before you notice anything is wrong.
When in Doubt, See Your Doctor
If you are concerned about symptoms in your head and neck, it’s always best to seek out a health care professional. Your doctor can assess any changes and potentially run tests to rule out any serious issues, such as head and neck cancer. Remember: Some of these symptoms can also be symptoms of other health issues, many of which are not cancer. Talking with your doctor can help you diagnose problems and begin treating them right away, if necessary.