9个前列腺癌治疗神话被揭穿

by迷迭香黑 Health Writer

就像乳房一样cancer is the most common cancer for women, prostate cancer earns the distinction for men. About one out of every eight men will develop the condition at some point. If you’re one of them, the last thing that you want, after a prostate cancer diagnosis, is to question how to treat it. That’s tricky, since myths about treatment abound. To help you sort fact from fiction, we took nine of the biggest prostate cancer misconceptions to the experts. Here’s what they told us.

talking to doctor
iStock

Myth: If You Have Prostate Cancer, You’ll Know It

Fact:“男人是不想被提供者看到的生物,因此他们不会去看医生进行筛查。他们认为,如果他们没有症状,没有问题。由于许多前列腺癌病例起初是无症状的,这意味着您应该在50岁时开始筛查前列腺癌,如果您是非洲裔美国人或患有该疾病的家族史,则应在45岁时开始筛查45岁。

前列腺癌扫描
iStock

Myth: Prostate Cancer Needs to be Treated ASAP

Fact:Some forms of prostate cancer are very slow-growing, and do not require treatment, says Michael Kahn, M.D., medical oncologist at Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital in Winfield, IL. But that doesn't mean you should forget about them. Instead, these cancers should undergo active surveillance, which means you will need regularly scheduled screening tests. One possible test is a biopsy taken within six months after diagnosis. At this time, tiny pieces of tissue taken from the prostate gland are checked for cancer to determine whether it has spread or not.

前列腺
iStock

Myth: You Can’t Live With Prostate Cancer Without Treatment

Fact:Montefiore Health System的泌尿科医学博士Kara Watts说,有些人使用积极的监视来管理前列腺癌多年。她说:“治疗决策是基于男人的整体健康,前列腺癌的类型,PSA水平以及与癌症护理提供者的讨论。”“在老年人中,我们并不总是建议治疗,因为潜在的副作用可能超过了好处。”

手术设备
iStock

误解:有针对前列腺癌的最终疗法

Fact:卡恩博士说,由于不建议所有人进行某些治疗方法,因此没有一种确定的疗法。他说:“有些男人发现他们患有前列腺癌,他们只想脱离前列腺癌,但对于患有高风险前列腺癌的男性来说,手术并不是合适的第一步。”由高gleason评分,PSA数量和转移潜力确定,大约12%的前列腺癌诊断属于这一高风险类别,这意味着癌症已经超出了前列腺超出了前列腺。他说,在这种情况下,可能建议进行辐射而不是手术。

放射治疗
iStock

Myth: Radiation Is a First-Line Prostate Cancer Treatment

Fact:您推荐的治疗方法将取决于您的总体健康状况,癌症已经传播,已经传播了多少以及您的身体受到影响。这就是为什么在癌症似乎不太可能进展的许多情况下使用主动监视的原因。但是,如果需要治疗,更多的医生正在寻求个性化疗法。您的遗传学可以确定您对化学疗法和其他药物疗法的反应,癌细胞也可以,因为它们可以改变使它们对放射治疗的反应较低的方式。因此,医生并不总是第一次治疗。

laparoscopy
iStock

神话:每个人都需要开放手术

Fact:Laparoscopic (robotically assisted) radical prostatectomy is a popular surgical option. “For the vast majority of men, having robotic surgery rather than open surgery results in a shorter hospital stay, a quicker recovery, and less pain afterwards,” says Damon Davis, M.D., a urologist with Mercy Medical Center in Baltimore, MD. “Ask your surgeon about their comfort level and experience with doing robotic surgery.” You’ll want to go with whatever method your surgeon is most familiar. “You just want to make sure that your surgeon is confident in the method he is using,” Dr. Rashid says.

成熟的性
iStock

神话:删除前列腺会让你失禁

Fact:是的,失禁和勃起功能障碍是去除前列腺后常见的副作用,但这并不意味着您将始终拥有它们。戴维斯博士说:“您可以在手术前后都可以做一些锻炼,可以加快您的持续性和勃起功能的恢复,现在有些药物可以帮助解决这两种情况。因此,您并不总是会忍受这些副作用。”

toilet
iStock

Myth: Radiation Therapy Causes Nausea

Fact:恶心通常不是放射治疗的副作用。尿失禁,排便问题和勃起问题是随着时间的流逝而改善的。疲劳是放射治疗的另一种常见副作用 - 不仅在治疗过程中,而且几周甚至几个月后。伊利诺伊州日内瓦的西北医学区域医学集团的泌尿科医师Michael M.D.解释说:“辐射的一部分受刺激和发炎会导致您体内的某些全身化学物质。”“这些化学物质会让您感到不适和疲倦。”

couple talking to doctor
iStock

Myth: You Don’t Need a Second Opinion With Prostate Cancer

Fact:Just because it’s a common cancer doesn’t mean all doctors will agree on the best path forward. There are many different therapy options to choose from and a second opinion can help you feel more confident about whatever treatment plan you choose. So, when you receive a diagnosis of prostate cancer, ask questions if you need anything clarified, give yourself time to absorb the information you have learned, and consider seeking a second opinion.

前列腺癌Statistics (1):美国癌症协会。(2021.)“癌症事实与图2021。”https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer-org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and-figures/2021/cancer-facts-and-figures-2021.pdf

前列腺癌统计(2):Centers for Disease Prevention and Control. (2021.) “Prostate Cancer Statistics.”https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/statistics/index.htm

前列腺癌统计(3):前列腺癌Foundation. (n.d.) "What Is Prostate Cancer?"https://www.pcf.org/about-prostate-cancer/what-is-prostate-cancer/

活检:约翰·霍普金斯大学。(n.d。)“前列腺癌的主动监测”。https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/prostate-cancer/active-surveillance-for-prostate-cancer

高风险前列腺癌:Nature Reviews临床肿瘤学。(2014.) “High-risk Prostate Cancer-Classification and Therapy.”https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4508854/

个性化治疗:前列腺癌Foundation. (n.d.) “Precision Therapies for Prostate Cancer: What Is Precision Medicine?”https://www.pcf.org/about-prostate-cancer/prostate-cancer-treatment/precision-therapies-prostate-cancer/

Prostatectomy:前列腺癌Foundation. (n.d.) “Surgery for Prostate Cancer.”https://www.pcf.org/about-prostate-cancer/prostate-cancer-treatment/surgery-prostate-cancer/

Radiation Therapy:泌尿外科护理基金会。(n.d。)“放射治疗的好处,风险和副作用是什么?”https://www.urologyhealth.org/urologic-conditions/prostate-cancer#radiation_therapy

Second Opinion:美国癌症协会。(n.d。)“治疗前列腺癌”。https://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostate-cancer/treating.html

Meet Our Writer
迷迭香黑

Rosemary, the mom of seven, was food editor at theNew York Daily Newsfor many years and currently writes on health, food, and parenting for various magazines and websites. She is the co-author of six cookbooks, most recently, “The Marley Coffee Cookbook.”