黑色素瘤手术后如何治愈和保持健康

“For the fastest recovery, you must follow your physician’s directions,” says Kimberly Brady, M.D., director of dermatologic surgery at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo, NY. That means not exercising before you’re given the green light. (“You could easily split open your wound,” she says.) It also means not bending the wound-care rules. “I have patients who’ve used triple antibiotic ointment on their own, which is not a good idea,” says Dr. Brady. “This greatly increases your chances ofcontact dermatitis，复杂并减慢愈合过程。“

Infection from melanoma surgery can occur anytime within 30 days of surgery. While your healthcare team may prescribe antibiotics to protect against infection, you should still take additional measures, such as not touching your bandage for the first 24 hours post-op and keeping the surrounding area clean and moisturized, since dry skin around the wound can delay healing. “Usually, wound care involves washing the site daily with soap and water, applying petroleum jelly, and covering with a non-stick bandage until healed,” says Dr. Brady.

戒烟不仅提高了您的生活质量，“希望停止可能会降低复发的机会，”英格兰利兹大学皮肤科教授M.D julia Newton-Bishop。与此同时，戒烟可以帮助您愈合更快。“吸烟损害了血流到皮肤移植物或皮瓣，并显着提高了移植物不会幸存的机会，”加利福尼亚州纽波特海滩的董事会认证皮肤科医生Anne Marie McNeill说。

While clinical trials aren’t for everyone, if you had asentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB)and cancer cells were detected, it’s smart to inquire about them. According to a 2019 report in theJournal of Clinical Medicine那the world’s largest number of melanoma studies is happening right here in the U.S. “That’s something that might not routinely come up, so you’ll want to consider asking,” asks Philip Friedlander, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Melanoma Medical Oncology Program at The Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai in New York City.

“Let's say you had surgery for stage two or three melanoma, and you’re looking for a clinical trial for a melanoma vaccine,” says Dr. Friedlander. “The time to do that is shortly after surgery.” In fact, many trials restrict you to starting within a certain time frame post-surgery, which could be two to three months post-op. If your oncologist doesn’t practice at a center with ongoing clinical trials, ask if there are any nearby.

“与一般人群相比，黑素瘤幸存者九次发育第二黑色素瘤的九倍，”布拉迪博士说。“这意味着定期访问皮肤科医生或肿瘤科医生是后续护理最重要的方面。”优点不仅可以快速发现复发，它们也可以识别可能是的病变pre-cancerousor非典型，可以用液氮，局部乳膏或另一种简单的程序容易地处理，然后在它们变为癌症之前。

那些患者0至2a黑色素瘤的人：每6到12个月每隔6到12个月，每年都会看到你的DERM或肿瘤科医生，然后每年一次。有2B阶段和更高的人：每三到六个月两年，然后每六个月三到五年。所有幸存者都应每月进行其皮肤和淋巴结的自我考试。对于皮肤检查how-tos，参观美国皮肤科协会学会; for lymph node monitoring instrux, try theBritish Association of Dermatologists。

正如我们已经知道的那样，黑素瘤幸存者更有可能发展第二黑色素瘤，但它们也是“越来越多的发展非蛋白酶皮肤癌的风险”，“布拉迪博士说。由于这一切，限制接触紫外线是很重要的。“总是寻求阴凉，特别是在上午10点之间。2下午2点;穿着防护服，如长袖衬衫和宽边缘帽子;Brady博士说，使用具有30或更高的SPF的广谱，防水防晒剂。“而且，我们必须说出来，没有晒黑床！

“Cancer survivors may have improved quality of life, decreased risk of recurrence, and possibly improved mortality if certain lifestyle modifications are taken, including healthy eating habits,” says Dr. Brady. To help get there, the American Cancer Society recommends that任何人going through cancer treatment asks for a referral to see a registered dietitian, particularly one who’s also a board-certified specialist in肿瘤营养。

It’s not just thephysicalyou who needs to heal from surgery, but your emotional self, too. According to the same report in the journalThe Surgical Clinics of North America前面提到，焦虑和抑郁水平在黑色素瘤中的水平很高，那些感受被证明表现出延迟医疗和较低的生活质量。因此，使您的职务恢复计划的心理健康部分。寻找一个熟悉癌症情绪损害的治疗师，并让愈合开始。