溃疡性结肠炎的感觉如何?
From stabbing sensations to major cramps, UC pain can be debilitating. Here’s what to expect—and how to get relief.
If you’ve recently被诊断出捕鱼欢乐季 ,您知道:将这种胃肠道疾病的症状与您体内的其他酸痛和疼痛分开可能很难。这是由于您不同意您的一顿饭还是由结肠发炎引起的胃痛?这些抽筋与您的炎症性肠病或每月周期有关吗?让我们仔细观察使UC腹痛与普通胃痛不同的症状,以及如何缓解疼痛,以便您可以回到自己喜欢的东西。
UC腹部疼痛的感觉
You’re certainly not alone if you are experiencing gut与UC有关的疼痛。More than half of people with UC report abdominal discomfort, according to a recent report in the克罗恩和结肠炎杂志。“加州大学的痛苦不是开玩笑,”德克萨斯州利安德的西班牙老师兼演员乔纳森·克鲁兹(Jonathan Cruz)证实,他生活在溃疡性结肠炎中。克鲁兹将痛苦描述为恐怖电影中新鲜的东西。他说:“在大多数情况下,平均胃痛是可以控制的,因为大多数非处方药可以控制症状。”同时,“溃疡性结肠炎的疼痛就像在电影中遭受酷刑直到疼痛使受害者投降时。”
克鲁兹说,加州大学疼痛最困难的方面之一是经常携手并驾齐驱的精神痛苦。他说:“ UC疼痛可能会超越身体疼痛,因为它也会影响您的心理健康,从而阻止您清楚地思考。”而且,溃疡性结肠炎疼痛通常比平均胃痛更长。克鲁兹说:“通常,非胃胃痛会持续几个小时。”“但是与UC相关的腹部疼痛可能整天变得更糟,并持续到第二天和黑夜。”
溃疡性结肠炎疼痛的非处方救济
UC的严重程度将确定哪种药物最有帮助,以减轻您的疼痛。长期治疗可能涉及处方药,但为了快速缓解,您的医生可能会推荐非处方药(OTC)药物来帮助您管理特定症状,米歇尔·凯勒(Michelle Keller)博士加利福尼亚州洛杉矶的Cedars-Sinai医疗中心的一般内科医学。这些是一些常见的选择:
止痛药
“If people are experiencing mild pain, acetaminophen such as Tylenol, is generally safe to use,” Keller says. Acetaminophen works to relieve pain by raising your body's overall pain threshold. You will probably be asked to avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, which could worsen your symptoms. Multiple studies have demonstrated that NSAIDs may increase the risk for UC relapse, according to research in胃肠病学的治疗进展。
抗Diarrhea药物
Inflammation in your colon can cause diarrhea, making your colon empty itself often. Loperamide (Imodium A-D) may be recommended as an OTC medication to control your diarrhea. It works by slowing your overactive digestive system back to its normal pace. Imodium is a common OTC med, but just because it’s widely available without your doctor’s permission doesn’t mean you should leave your provider out of the loop. “Before taking any OTC laxatives or anti-diarrheal medications, patients should check in with their doctor,” says Keller. “These medications do not target the inflammation associated with UC and there may be other medications available which can be more effective.”
Antispasmodics
肿瘤药物抑制肌肉痉挛和抽筋。当食物通过肠道时,它们还可以通过减少肠道收缩的强度来帮助减轻疼痛(即,它们放松肠道中的肌肉)。薄荷油是您的药房可用的一种反杂菌。
处方药
Abdominal pain can happen for a variety of reasons. When it comes to UC, pain is often related to the degree of your active inflammation. In other words, one of the best ways to reduce your pain is to管理你的疾病。尽管非处方药可以帮助您在短期内感觉更好,但大多数人只能解决您的UC症状,而不是造成疼痛的根本原因。这就是为什么您的胃肠病学家将与您合作从UC中缓解,因此您可以永远告别痛苦。这些天,您有很多治疗选择。
皮质类固醇
如果您发现自己的疼痛突然难以忍受,那么如果您的医生开了一定的皮质类固醇(又称类固醇)来快速控制事物,请不要感到惊讶。通过工作几种不同的途径减少炎症,类固醇对减轻疼痛非常有帮助。但是,类固醇应仅用于短期缓解,因为从长远来看,这些药物的副作用可能是严重的。UC的几种常规开处方类固醇包括泼尼松,氢化可的松和UCERIS。
氨基水杨酸酯(5-ASA)
这类药物用于控制消化道内膜中的炎症。根据克罗恩斯和结肠炎基金会的说法,已知5-ASA药物对患有UC的人具有良好的耐受性和安全性。这些药物包括磺胺吡啶,美撒甲胺和olsalazine。
免疫调节剂
免疫调节剂是一类药物,可修饰免疫系统的活性,减少消化道中持续的炎症。这些新药绝不是可以追溯到70年的其他用途,例如癌症和关节炎治疗的其他药物。属于该类别的一些药物包括甲氨蝶呤,硫唑嘌呤和6-羟基托嘌呤。
Biologics/Biosimilars
Unlike other medications that are made of chemicals, biologics are created from living compounds (which makes them more expensive). Biologics are targeted antibodies that stop certain proteins in the body from causing inflammation. According to the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation, examples of biologic medications approved to treat UC include adalimumab, golimumab, infliximab, ustekinumab, and vedolizumab.
Janus Kinase (JAK) Inhibitors/Targeted Synthetic Small Molecules
可用于UC治疗的最新药物之一是Janus激酶(JAK)抑制剂,它们的开端是一个良好的开始。在2021年发表的研究中克罗恩和结肠炎杂志, a greater proportion of patients reported no bowel urgency and less abdominal pain with a JAK inhibitor compared to a placebo, with improvements seen in as early as two weeks. JAK inhibitors work by disrupting the signaling related to inflammation. Tofacitinib is the first JAK inhibitor approved for long-term use in UC.
Dietary Modifications for Ulcerative Colitis Pain
没有单一的饮食适用于UC的每个人。这就是为什么重要的是要与您的医生进行非常清晰的对话,以了解您似乎可以忍受哪种食物,尤其是在症状的爆发期间。根据克罗恩斯和结肠炎基金会的说法,有些食物可能会使您的症状恶化(包括腹痛)。其中包括难以消化的食物,例如种子,坚果,西兰花和花椰菜。您可能还想通过减少对牛奶和奶酪等高乳糖食物的摄入量来进行实验,以查看它们是否会使您的疼痛恶化。消除高糖和脂肪的食物也可能会缓解。(不用说:握住辣玉米片并跳过玛格丽塔酒,如果您正在抗击肠痛。)
压力很重要
When it comes to UC pain, Cruz finds that managing his stress matters big time. “I noticed that my UC symptoms got worse when I was under stress—like financial stress or uncertainty about the future as a dad and husband or the pressure I felt after each medical appointment,” he says.
该研究支持应力辅助连接。凯勒说:“我们知道,慢性压力与UC爆发和炎症增加有关。”压力与与UC相关的炎症之间的联系很复杂且不理解,但仍然有机会感觉更好。杂志上发表的一项小型随机对照试验炎症性肠病发现与对照组相比,参加心理疗法改善了UC患者的生活质量。凯勒指出:“其他研究发现,参加呼吸,运动和冥想计划的患者也有改善心理和身体症状以及生活质量的改善。”
溃疡性结肠炎的手术
Given the complexity of ulcerative colitis, different treatments may be required over time to treat UC pain. Surgery is sometimes recommended if more conservative approaches have not worked on your pain, or if your medication has stopped working and your pain has returned. According to the Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation, the most common surgery for UC is a proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (more commonly known as J-pouch surgery). A surgeon will remove your colon and rectum and use the end of your small intestine to form an internal pouch which is commonly shaped like a J.
溃疡性结肠炎疼痛缓解的底线
您今天可能正在与UC痛苦作斗争,但这绝不预测您的未来。完全缓解应该是您和您的医生之间的共同目标。找到最佳治疗方法(或治疗的结合)可能需要耐心,但是在没有UC疼痛的情况下过着可以实现的目标。
疼痛患病率:克罗恩和结肠炎杂志。(2021.) “Upadacitinib Treatment Improves Symptoms of Bowel Urgency and Abdominal Pain, and Correlates With Quality of Life Improvements in Patients With Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis.”https://academic.up.com/ecco-jcc/article/15/12/2022/6295522
在柜台药物上:梅奥诊所。(2022.)“溃疡性结肠炎”。https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ulcerative-colitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353331
imodium的工作原理:imodium。(2016年。)“ imodium产品的运作方式。”https://www.imodium.com/anti-diarrhea-medicine/how-imodium-works
泰诺的工作原理:Tylenol. (2022.) “What Is Acetaminophen?”https://www.tylenol.com/safety-dosing/usage/what-is-acetaminophen
NSAIDS:胃肠病学的治疗进展。(2012年。)“炎症性肠病患者的疼痛管理:临床医生的见解。”https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc3437534/
处方药:克罗恩和结肠炎杂志。(2021.) “Upadacitinib Treatment Improves Symptoms of Bowel Urgency and Abdominal Pain, and Correlates With Quality of Life Improvements in Patients With Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis.”https://academic.up.com/ecco-jcc/article/15/12/2022/6295522
氨基酸盐:克罗恩和结肠炎基金会。(2018年。)“氨基水杨酸酯。”https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/sites/default/files/legacy/assets/pdfs/aminsolycylates.pdf
生物制剂:克罗恩和结肠炎基金会。(2022.)“溃疡性结肠炎的药物选择。”https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/what-is-ulcerative-colitis/medication
UC和压力管理(1):炎症性肠病。(2011年。)“启发研究:压力管理是否改善了溃疡性结肠炎或克罗恩氏病的患者的炎症性肠病和特定疾病的生活质量?一项随机对照试验。”https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21287660/
UC和压力管理(2):炎症性肠病。(2015.) “The Effect of Breathing, Movement, and Meditation on Psychological and Physical Symptoms and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.”https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26426148/
UC手术:克罗恩和结肠炎基金会。(2022.)“溃疡性结肠炎的手术。”https://www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org/what-is-ulcerative-colitis/surgery